Image:Short Instrumental Temperature Record.png

From Global Warming Art

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Description

Expanded record of instrumental temperatures showing recent global warming

This figure shows the last 25 years of globally averaged instrumental surface temperature measurements according to data collected by the Hadley Centre of the UK Meteorological Office and the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia. Data set HadCRUT3 was used. The most recent documentation for this data set is Brohan et al. (2006).

Also shown is a history of fluctuations in the El Nino Southern Oscillation and the period of volcanic disturbance due to the stratosphere-piercing eruption of Mount Pinatubo. The volcanic period is defined as the period of satellite discernible volcanic ash in the upper atmosphere (Luo et al. 2002). The El Nino / La Nina periods are defined here as times when the five month average of the Nino-3 Index deviated from its mean (over these 25 years) by more than 0.5 °C. Many of the interannual variations in temperature relative to the trend can be explained by the release (during El Nino) or uptake (during La Nina) of thermal energy by the oceans. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo, one of the largest of the century, may have depressed global temperature as a result of expelled ash and sulfates.

Temperature Record Series

This figure is part of series of plots showing changes in Earth's temperature over time.

Time Period: 25 yrs | 150 yrs | 1 kyr | 2 kyr | 12 kyr | 450 kyr | 5 Myr | 65 Myr | 500 Myr

Licensing

This figure was originally prepared by Robert A. Rohde from publicly available data.

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References

[abstract] [full text] [DOI] Brohan, P., J.J. Kennedy, I. Haris, S.F.B. Tett and P.D. Jones (2006). "Uncertainty estimates in regional and global observed temperature changes: a new dataset from 1850". J. Geophysical Research 111: D12106.
[abstract] [full text] Luo, Z., W.B. Rossow, T. Inoue, and C.J. Stubenrauch (2002). "Did the eruption of the Mt. Pinatubo volcano affect cirrus properties?". Journal of Climate 15: 2806-2820.